Menene Nau'ikan Ruwan Ruwa guda Uku?

Nau'ikan famfo na ruwa guda uku: Lambar wutar lantarki na "zuciya" na tono

A cikin tsarin injin injin tonowa, famfon na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa yana aiki a matsayin "zuciya" na tsarin ta hanyar canza injin mai inganci sosai{0}}samuwar makamashin injina zuwa wutar lantarki. Wannan yana tafiyar da mahimman abubuwan haɗin gwiwa kamar haɓaka, guga, da hannun guga, yana ba da damar ingantattun ayyuka masu inganci kamar tono, ɗagawa, da juyawa don biyan buƙatun injiniya na zamani.

Na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa famfoaiki a kan ka'idodin injiniyoyi na ruwa da watsawa na inji. Ta hanyar ingantattun hanyoyin cikin gida, suna ci gaba da matsawa ƙananan ruwa mai ƙarfi don samar da tsayayyen matsi mai ƙarfi{2}. Wannan hanyar jujjuya makamashi ta haɗu da ingantaccen aiki tare da saurin amsawa, yana mai da shi karbuwa sosai a fannoni kamar injinan gini, sararin samaniya, da sarrafa kansa na masana'antu. A cikin kayan aiki masu nauyi kamar masu tonawa, aikin famfo yana da mahimmanci musamman, yana tantance ingancin aikin injin, daidaiton kulawa, da tsawon lokaci-.

Dangane da tsarin tsari da hanyoyin aiki, famfunan ruwa na ruwa an kasasu da farko zuwa nau'ikan nau'ikan guda uku: famfo na gear, famfo fanfo, da famfunan piston. Kowane nau'i yana da siffofi na musamman da takamaiman aikace-aikace. A cikin aikace-aikacen tona, zaɓi da daidaita famfo yana buƙatar kimantawar kimiyya bisa takamaiman yanayin aiki da buƙatu. Wannan labarin zai ba da cikakken bincike da bayani game da waɗannan halayen famfo na hydraulic da aikace-aikacen su masu amfani a cikin tono.

Gear Pump: Sauƙaƙan 'Tsarin Ƙarfin Ƙarfi'

1. Yadda yake aiki

Famfu na gear yana tsaye a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin mafi sauƙin tsari kuma mai sauƙi{0}}don -ƙirar nau'ikan famfo na hydraulic. Aikinsa da farko ya dogara ne da madaidaicin ginshiƙai guda biyu{3} - kayan tuƙi da kayan tuƙi - waɗanda ke juyawa ta kowane wuri iri ɗaya ko akasin haka a cikin ɗakin famfo da aka rufe. Yayin aiki, yayin da haƙoran gear ɗin ke raguwa a hankali, ƙarar da aka hatimce tana faɗaɗa, yana haifar da gurɓataccen wuri don kammala aikin tsotson mai. Lokacin da haƙoran haƙora suka sake haɗuwa, ƙarar tayi kwangila, tilasta mai fita a ƙarƙashin matsin lamba. Ana samun wannan ci gaba da kwanciyar hankali aikin isar da mai ta hanyar wannan hanyar haɗin gwiwa.

Lokacin da kayan aiki ya juya, ƙarar gefen da hakora suka rabu (ɗakin tsotson mai) yana ƙaruwa, yana haifar da vacuum, kuma ana tsotse mai a ciki;

Ƙarfin gefen da haƙoran ke shiga (ɗakin fitar da mai) yana raguwa, kuma ana matse man hydraulic.

2. Mabuɗin fasali

Amfanin|Tsari mai sauƙi, ƙaramin girman, nauyi mai nauyi, ƙarfi mai ƙarfi{0}}ƙarar tsotsa (babu buƙatar pre{1}}cika mai), ƙarancin kulawa, ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙarfin ƙazanta{2} (ƙananan buƙatu don tsabtace mai na ruwa) |

| Hasara|Low volumetric yadda ya dace (kimanin 70% zuwa 85%), babban matsa lamba pulsation (hana tsarin vibration da amo), iyakance fitarwa matsa lamba (yawanci Kasa da ko daidai da 16MPa) |

3. Aikace-aikace a cikin excavators

Ana amfani da famfunan gear galibi azaman famfunan taimako don samarwalow -matsi na hydraulicmai zuwa da'irori masu sarrafa tono (misali, sanduna masu sarrafawa, bawul ɗin solenoid) da tsarin sanyaya (misali, radiators na mai na ruwa). Misali, alamar excavator tana amfani da famfo na kayan aiki na waje tare da saurin gudu na 15{7}}30 L/min da matsa lamba na 10-14 MPa, yadda ya kamata ya cika ƙaƙƙarfan buƙatun na'urorin sarrafawa.

2. Vane Pump: Matsakaici Mai Natsuwa da Tsaya -Tsarin Ƙarfin Matsi

1. Yadda yake aiki

Famfu na vane yana aiki ta hanyar rotor's vanes, waɗanda ke jujjuya zuwa saman ciki na stator ƙarƙashin ƙarfin centrifugal da matsa lamba na ruwa. Ta hanyar daidaita ƙarar da aka rufe a tsakanin vanes, yana samun nasarar tsotsa mai da fitarwa.

Lokacin da rotor ya juya, ruwa yana motsawa daga ƙananan radius na stator zuwa babban yanki na radius, ƙarar yana ƙaruwa, kuma an tsotse mai;

Wuta tana motsawa daga babban radius zuwa ƙananan radius, ƙarar ya ragu, kuma an fitar da man fetur.

Dangane da daidaitawar saman ciki na stator, fanfunan fanfuna ana rarraba su zuwa nau'i biyu: biyu{0}}aiki (tare da stator mai siffar oval{1}}wanda ya cika tsotson mai da zagayawa guda biyu a kowane juyi, yana tabbatar da kwararar uniform) da guda{2} aiki (tare da stator madauwari wanda ke kammala zagayowar juyi guda ɗaya, yana ba da izinin kwarara ruwa).

2. Mabuɗin fasali

Amfanin|Uniform kwarara, low matsa lamba pulsation (ƙananan amo), high volumetric yadda ya dace (80% ~ 90%), matsakaici fitarwa matsa lamba (8-32MPa)

| Hasara|Tsarin ya fi rikitarwa fiye da famfo na gear, man fetur na hydraulic yana buƙatar tsaftacewa mafi girma (wuri yana da sauƙi don makale), kuma farashin kulawa yana da matsakaici |

3. Aikace-aikace a cikin excavators

Ana amfani da famfunan ruwa akai-akai azaman matsakaici{0}} tushen wutar lantarki don tsarin tafiye-tafiye na tono ko kuma tsarin kashe wuta. Misali, matsakaicin matsakaita - famfon tafiye-tafiye na tonawa yana ɗaukar ƙira mai ninki biyu{3}} tare da saurin gudu na 40-60L/min da matsi na 20-25MPa, yana tabbatar da aiki mai santsi da ƙaramar hayaniya yayin motsi.

3. Piston Pump: Babban Mahimmanci{1}}Ƙarfin Ƙarfi{2}}Tsarin Matsi

1. Yadda yake aiki

Fitar famfo na Piston suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin tsarin na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa saboda babban ingancinsu da ƙarfin matsi mai girma -. Ta hanyar amfani da motsi na pistons a cikin silinda, suna canza ƙarar da aka rufe don cimma tsotson mai da fitarwa. Bincike akan cikakkun famfunan bututun ruwa na piston axial na hydrostatic yana nuna cewa waɗannan famfunan suna nuna ingantaccen ingancin girma a ƙarƙashin ƙimar yanayin aiki. Bugu da ƙari, nazarin kwararar su{4}} matsi na matsi yana bayyana halayen aiki a ƙarƙashin yanayin aiki daban-daban. Misali, jimillar ingancin famfunan piston axial ya kasance mai girma a cikin kewayon 1/3 zuwa 2/3 na ƙimar saurin gudu da matsa lamba. Dangane da tsari na piston, an rarraba su cikin famfunan piston axial (tare da pistons masu daidaitawa tare da axis na Silinda) da famfo piston radial (tare da pistons da aka shirya radially tare da Silinda).

Ɗauki fam ɗin piston axial da aka saba amfani dashi a cikin haƙa kamar misali:

Matsakaicin Plate ɗin Swash yana ƙayyade bugun jini.

Lokacin da silinda ya juya, mai shigar da ruwa yana motsawa baya da gaba a ƙarƙashin turɓayar faifan mai karkata, yana kammala tsotsan mai (mai faɗaɗa ya faɗaɗa) da fitar da mai (mai juyewa).

2. Mabuɗin fasali

Amfanin|Babban ingancin ingancin girma (kimanin 90% zuwa 95%), babban fitarwa (Mafi girma ko daidai da 32MPa), kewayon ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun kwarara (mai canzawa ta hanyar daidaita kusurwar swashplate), dace da babban tsarin wutar lantarki-

| Hasara|Haɗaɗɗen tsari (yana buƙatar ƙira mai inganci{{0}), matuƙar buƙatu don tsaftar mai (karamin tazara tsakanin jikin plunger da silinda, mai sauƙin sawa), tsadar kulawa |

3. Aikace-aikace a cikin excavators

A matsayin ginshiƙan tsarin tsarin hydraulic excavator, famfo piston sun daɗe sun kasance zaɓin da aka fi so don manyan famfo saboda ingancinsu, babban matsin lamba, da amincin su. Waɗannan famfunan ruwa suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen samar da babban{1}}matsi, mai girma{2}mai kwararar mai zuwa maɓalli masu kunnawa (ciki har da bum, hannu, da guga), wanda ke zama babban garantin ƙarfin aikin injin. Misali, babban famfo da ake amfani da shi a cikin babban samfurin tona shi ne Kawasaki K3V Axial Piston Pump, wanda aka karbe shi a cikin injinan gini. Wannan jeri na famfo ya shahara saboda ci-gaba da lalacewa ta fuskarsa{6}} fasaha mai juriya, babban aiki, dogaro, da sauƙin kulawa. Mai ikon isar da fitarwa na 200{10} 300L/min a matsi na aiki na 35-40MPa, yana biyan buƙatun matsananciyar yanayin aiki kamar haƙar dutse mai ƙarfi, tabbatar da inganci, abin dogaro, da dawwama na aikin kayan aiki.

IV. Kwatancen Ayyuka na Famfunan Ruwa guda Uku (Aikace-aikacen{1}}Mai Gabatar da Masu Haƙa)

Don ƙarin nuna bambance-bambancen famfo na hydraulic guda uku, muna kwatanta mahimman sigogin su a cikin tebur:

V. Takaitawa: "Haɗin mafi kyau" na famfo na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa excavator

A cikin hadaddun tsarin na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa na tona, nau'ikan famfo na ruwa daban-daban guda uku yawanci suna aiki tare don tabbatar da ingantaccen aiki da kwanciyar hankali. Famfu na plunger, yana aiki azaman naúrar farko, yana ba da babban matsi mai girma- ruwa mai gudana. Wannan muhimmin bangaren yana ba da ikon sarrafa kayan aiki kamar na'urorin lantarki da injina, yana ba da damar ayyuka masu nauyi - kamar aikin tono da dagawa.

Misali, a kai tsaye - na'urar bututun bututun silinda na asymmetric plunger don tonawa, waɗannan famfunan suna da babban matsi, babban adadin kwarara, da inganci mai girma, suna biyan buƙatun na'ura mai nauyi na injina masu nauyi kamar masu tonawa. Bugu da ƙari, a cikin ƙananan na'urorin haƙa na ruwa, famfo na plunger yana aiki a matsayin ainihin abin da ke canza shigar da makamashin lantarki daga motar zuwa makamashin ruwa. Ƙarfin jujjuyawar ƙarfinsa da kwanciyar hankali na aiki yana da mahimmanci ga cikakken kwanciyar hankali da amincin tsarin tsarin ruwa. Bisa ga ma'auni na JB/T 7041.1-2023, fanfunan fanfuna sun dace musamman don sarrafa tafiye-tafiyen injina da motsin jujjuyawarsu saboda santsin fitowar su da ƙarancin amo, suna biyan manyan buƙatu don kwanciyar hankali motsi a ƙarƙashin irin wannan yanayin aiki. A halin yanzu, famfo na gear, tare da tsarin su mai sauƙi da ƙananan farashi, yawanci ana amfani da su azaman famfunan taimako don samar da barga mai ƙarancin matsi don tsarin sarrafa mashin ɗin tsarin ko wasu nau'ikan kayan aikin taimako, yana tabbatar da aiki, daidai, kuma abin dogaro.

Rahoton tsakiyar - game da bincike na ayyuka da kwaikwaiyo na tsarin hydraulic da yawa{1}} famfo mai layi daya yana nuna cewa wannan tsarin, yana amfani da famfunan ruwa da yawa a layi daya, daidai da biyan buƙatun manyan aikace-aikacen hydraulic - ƙarfi, babba{3} Yayin da ake kiyaye matsi da ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun kwarara, tsarin yana samun ingantaccen inganci, kwanciyar hankali, saurin amsawa, da ma'aunin aiki.

Ta hanyar haɗa masu kula da PID da ingantacciyar ƙira, an sami ci gaba mai mahimmanci a cikin amsawa da kwanciyar hankali na aiki, samun daidaito mai kyau tsakanin farashi{0}} inganci da dacewa. The core components of an excavator's hydraulic system comprise three types of pumps: a robust gear pump with high reliability, a vane pump delivering smooth operation and excellent noise control, and a piston pump renowned for its high volumetric efficiency and pressure-bearing capacity. Waɗannan famfunan ba kawai suna da inganci ba har ma suna nuna takamaiman fa'idodi{4}}, tare da tabbatar da samar da wutar lantarki da aikin hakowa. Cikakken fahimtar tsarin kowane famfo da halaye na aiki yana ba da damar ƙarin ayyukan kula da kimiyya da gano kuskure, ƙara haɓaka ingancin kayan aiki da rayuwar sabis. Kamar yadda maganar masana'antu ke tafiya, "zuciya" na aikin hakowa kai tsaye yana ƙayyade tasirinsa gaba ɗaya da lokacin aiki.

Musamman, famfuna na gear, fanfunan vane, da famfunan piston kowanne yana taka rawa dabam-dabam a cikin tsarin, suna yin amfani da ƙarfinsu na musamman: Gilashin famfo, tare da tsarinsu mai sauƙi, sauƙin ƙira, da farashi{0}tasiri, da farko suna ɗaukar sassan da ke buƙatar samar da mai a ƙarƙashin matsakaicin matsa lamba. Famfunan Vane suna daidaita ma'auni tsakanin inganci da aiki mai santsi, yana sa su dace don masu kunnawa tare da amo da buƙatun sarrafa girgiza. Fitar famfo, wanda ke da ƙarfin ƙarfin ƙarfin ƙarfi da ƙarfin haƙuri mai girma, yana aiki a matsayin "tushen wutar lantarki" yana jagorantar manyan ayyukan tsarin. Lokacin zabar famfo, injiniyoyi dole ne su kimanta iyakar tsarin, buƙatun kwarara, kasafin kuɗi, da ma'aunin dogaro. Ta hanyar ingantacciyar tsari da aiki tare na waɗannan abubuwan haɗin gwiwa, masu tonawa za su iya cimma ingantaccen aiki da kwanciyar hankali a cikin yanayin aiki daban-daban. Neman gaba, famfunan piston za su rikiɗe zuwa ga ƙaranci, ƙira mara nauyi, da aiki mai natsuwa. A halin yanzu, ingantattun kayan aiki da na tsari a cikin famfunan vane za su haɓaka juriyar gurɓatawa da tsawaita rayuwar sabis. Waɗannan ci gaban fasaha tare suna haɓaka tsarin injin injin hakowa zuwa ingantaccen inganci, aminci, da dorewar muhalli.

Barka dai, Ni ne Jason Wang, marubucin wannan sakon. Muna da fiye da shekaru 15 na gwaninta wajen samar da sassa na tona, samar da ingantattun abubuwan gyara{2} ga kasuwanci a cikin ƙasashe sama da 50 na duniya. Daga ƙananan shagunan gyaran gyare-gyare zuwa manyan masu rarrabawa, abokan cinikinmu sun dogara da mu don ɗorewa da ingantattun sassa na tona waɗanda suka dace da matsayin masana'antu. Babban kewayon samfuranmu sun haɗa da haɗin gwanon tono, tudun roba, kayan aikin ruwa, masu tacewa, sassan lantarki, sassan ƙasa, da ƙari, wanda ke rufe nau'ikan samfuran iri da ƙira. Ko don gine-gine, ma'adinai, noma, ko aikace-aikacen injuna masu nauyi, an gina sassan mu don jure yanayin aiki mai wuya, tabbatar da ingantaccen aiki da tsawon rayuwar sabis.

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